本篇介绍如何使用Python编写一个能输出树莓派各种状态和数据的脚本，包括CPU温度、CPU占用情况、内存占用情况和硬盘占用。
建立脚本：
sudo nano get.py
贴入如下代码：
import os
# Return CPU temperature as a character string
def getCPUtemperature():
res = os.popen('vcgencmd measure_temp').readline()
return(res.replace("temp=","").replace("'C\n",""))
# Return RAM information (unit=kb) in a list
# Index 0: total RAM
# Index 1: used RAM
# Index 2: free RAM
def getRAMinfo():
p = os.popen('free')
i = 0
while 1:
i = i + 1
line = p.readline()
if i==2:
return(line.split()[1:4])
# Return % of CPU used by user as a character string
def getCPUuse():
return(str(os.popen("top -n1 | awk '/Cpu\(s\):/ {print $2}'").readline().strip()))
# Return information about disk space as a list (unit included)
# Index 0: total disk space
# Index 1: used disk space
# Index 2: remaining disk space
# Index 3: percentage of disk used
def getDiskSpace():
p = os.popen("df -h /")
i = 0
while 1:
i = i +1
line = p.readline()
if i==2:
return(line.split()[1:5])
# CPU informatiom
CPU_temp = getCPUtemperature()
CPU_usage = getCPUuse()
# RAM information
# Output is in kb, here I convert it in Mb for readability
RAM_stats = getRAMinfo()
RAM_total = round(int(RAM_stats[0]) / 1000,1)
RAM_used = round(int(RAM_stats[1]) / 1000,1)
RAM_free = round(int(RAM_stats[2]) / 1000,1)
# Disk information
DISK_stats = getDiskSpace()
DISK_total = DISK_stats[0]
DISK_used = DISK_stats[1]
DISK_perc = DISK_stats[3]
if __name__ == '__main__':
print('')
print('CPU Temperature = '+CPU_temp)
print('CPU Use = '+CPU_usage)
print('')
print('RAM Total = '+str(RAM_total)+' MB')
print('RAM Used = '+str(RAM_used)+' MB')
print('RAM Free = '+str(RAM_free)+' MB')
print('')
print('DISK Total Space = '+str(DISK_total)+'B')
print('DISK Used Space = '+str(DISK_used)+'B')
print('DISK Used Percentage = '+str(DISK_perc))
然后执行：
chmod +x get.py python get.py
预期输出结果如下：
CPU Temperature = 53.0 CPU Use = 13.5 RAM Total = 497.0 MB RAM Used = 116.0 MB RAM Free = 381.0 MB DISK Total Space = 3.6GB DISK Used Space = 1.8GB DISK Used Percentage = 53%
这是一篇发布于 10年 前的文章，其中的信息可能已经有所发展或是发生改变，请了解。
cpu温度获取这样写会不会更轻巧些
def getCPUtemperature():
return os.popen( ‘/opt/vc/bin/vcgencmd measure_temp’ ).read()[5:9]
或者直接读取系统自己的状态更新，省去模拟shell
def getCPUtemperature():
with open( “/sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp” ) as tempFile:
res = tempFile.read()
res=str(float(res)/1000)
return res
赞一下楼上的写法
同理，getRaminfo()可以写成： return os.popen(‘free|tail -n +2’).readline().split()[1:4]
getDiskSpace()可以写成：return os.popen(‘df -h /|tail -n +2’).readline().split()[1:5]
popen的效率不高，但是配合shell相当灵活～～
cpu占用率那个几点几是百分百么？为什么我图形界面显示100%了py还是几点几